IV - Les cadences harmoniques

IV.6 - La cadence rompue ou cadence évitée

IV.6.1 - Présentation

La cadence rompue, aussi appelée cadence évitée, a un effet suspensif, voire très ouvert. C'est l'enchaînement de l'accord de dominante V avec un autre accord que la tonique I, créant un effet de surprise.

En majeur on a usage de prendre le degré VI, un degré mineur qui contient la tonique (la fondamentale et la tierce de l'accord de tonique). Les deux accords sont à l'état fondamental.

IV.6.2 - La forme n°1 : V-VI avec sensible au soprano

La réalisation de l'enchaînement V-VI pose problème lorsque la sensible est au soprano :

Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CDN K:C [V:C] "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x | "Ab"x || "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x | "Ab"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "VI"x || "V"x | "bVI"x || "V"x | "VI"x || "V"x | "bVI"x |] [V:S] !red!!n>(!B | !blue!!n>)!A || !red!!n>(!=B | !blue!!n>)!_A || !red!!r>(!B | !r>)!c || !red!!r>(!B | !r>)!c |] [V:A] !blue!G | E || !blue!G | _E || [!blue!GD] | [!blue!AE] || [!blue!GD] | [!blue!_A_E] |] [V:T] D | C || D | C || x | x || x | x |] [V:B] !blue!G, | !blue!A, || !blue!G, | !blue!_A, || !blue!G, | !blue!A, || !blue!G, | !blue!_A, |] [V:N] "_la sensible ne doit pas descendre"x4 || "_quintes et octaves consécutives"x4 |]

On doublera la tierce de l'accord VI plutôt que sa tonique. Il n'y a pas de mouvement obligé dans la résolution, mais le respect du mouvement de sensible à tonique renforce l'effet ambigu de cette cadence, comme une fausse sortie. Cette formule est introduite comme pour une cadence parfaite.

V-VI
en majeur
C ['P5','','V','d'],['M6','m','VI','t']
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:C [V:C] "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x | "Am"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "VI"x || "V"x | "IV"x |] [V:S] !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c |] [V:A] !blue!G | E || D | !blue!C |] [V:T] D | !blue!C || !blue!G, | E, |] [V:B] !blue!G, | A, || !blue!G,, | A,, |]
V-bVI
en mineur
C ['P5','','V','d'],['m6','','bVI','SD']
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:Cm [V:C] "G"x | "Ab"x || "G"x | "Ab"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "bVI"x || "V"x | "bIV"x |] [V:S] !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c |] [V:A] !blue!G | E || D | !blue!C |] [V:T] D | !blue!C || !blue!G, | E, |] [V:B] !blue!G, | A, || !blue!G,, | A,, |]

En positions fermées, type A

Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:C [V:C] "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Am"x || "G7"x | "Am"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "VI"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "IV"x || "V7"x | "IV"x |] [V:S] !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c |] [V:A] !blue!G | E || !blue!G/ !o>(!!orange!F/ | !o>)!E || !o>(!!orange!F | !o>)!E |] [V:T] D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C |] [V:B] !blue!G, | A, || !blue!G, | A, || G, | A, |]
En majeur.
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:Cm [V:C] "G"x | "Ab"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Ab"x || "G7"x | "Ab"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "bVI"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "bVI"x || "V7"x | "bVI"x |] [V:S] !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c |] [V:A] !blue!G | E || !blue!G/ !o>(!!orange!F/ | !o>)!E || !o>(!!orange!F | !o>)!E |] [V:T] D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C |] [V:B] !blue!G, | A, || !blue!G, | A, || !blue!G, | A, |]
En mineur.

En positions ouvertes, type A

Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:C [V:C] "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Am"x || "G7"x | "Am"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "IV"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "IV"x || "V7"x | "IV"x |] [V:S] !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c |] [V:A] D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C |] [V:T] !blue!G, | E, || !blue!G,/ !o>(!!orange!F,/ | !o>)!E, || !o>(!!orange!F, | !o>)!E, |] [V:B] !blue!G,, | A,, || !blue!G,, | A,, || G,, | A,, |]
En majeur.
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:Cm [V:C] "G"x | "Ab"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Ab"x || "G7"x | "Ab"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "bIV"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "bIV"x || "V7"x | "bIV"x |] [V:S] !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c |] [V:A] D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C |] [V:T] !blue!G, | E, || !blue!G,/ !o>(!!orange!F,/ | !o>)!E, || !o>(!!orange!F, | !o>)!E, |] [V:B] !blue!G,, | A,, || !blue!G,, | A,, || !blue!G,, | A,, |]
En mineur.

En positions fermées, type A

Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:C [V:C] "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Am"x || "G7"x | "Am"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "VI"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "VI"x || "V7"x | "VI"x |] [V:S] !blue!G | E || !blue!G/ !o>(!!orange!F/ | !o>)!E || !o>(!!orange!F | !o>)!E |] [V:A] D | C || D | C || D | C |] [V:T] !red!!n>(!B, | !n>)!!blue!A, || !red!!n>(!B, | !n>)!!blue!A, || !red!!n>(!B, | !n>)!!blue!A, |] [V:B] !blue!G,, | !blue!A,, || !blue!G,, | !blue!A,, || G,, | !blue!A,, |]
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:C [V:C] "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Am"x || "G7"x | "Am"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "VI"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "VI"x || "V7"x | "VI"x |] [V:S] !blue!G | E || !blue!G/ !o>(!!orange!F/ | !o>)!E || !o>(!!orange!F | !o>)!E |] [V:A] D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C |] [V:T] !red!!r>(!B, | !blue!!r>)!C || !red!!r>(!B, | !blue!!r>)!C || !red!!r>(!B, | !blue!!r>)!C |] [V:B] !blue!G,, | A,, || !blue!G,, | A,, || G,, | A,, |]
En majeur.
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:Cm [V:C] "G"x | "Ab"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Ab"x || "G7"x | "Ab"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "bVI"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "bVI"x || "V7"x | "bVI"x |] [V:S] !blue!G | E || !blue!G/ !o>(!!orange!F/ | !o>)!E || !o>(!!orange!F | !o>)!E |] [V:A] D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C |] [V:T] !red!!r>(!=B, | !blue!!r>)!C || !red!!r>(!=B, | !blue!!r>)!C || !red!!r>(!=B, | !blue!!r>)!C |] [V:B] !blue!G,, | A,, || !blue!G,, | A,, || G,, | A,, |]
En mineur.

En positions ouvertes, type A

Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:C [V:C] "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Am"x || "G7"x | "Am"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "VI"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "VI"x || "V7"x | "VI"x |] [V:S] !blue!g | e || !blue!g/ !o>(!!orange!f/ | !o>)!e || !o>(!!orange!f | !o>)!e |] [V:A] !red!!n>(!B | !n>)!!blue!A || !red!!n>(!B | !n>)!!blue!A || !red!!n>(!B | !n>)!!blue!A |] [V:T] D | C || D | C || D | C |] [V:B] !blue!G, | !blue!A, || !blue!G, | !blue!A, || G, | !blue!A, |]
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:C [V:C] "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Am"x || "G7"x | "Am"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "VI"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "VI"x || "V7"x | "VI"x |] [V:S] !blue!g | e || !blue!g/ !o>(!!orange!f/ | !o>)!e || !o>(!!orange!f | !o>)!e |] [V:A] !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!B | !blue!!r>)!c |] [V:T] D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C |] [V:B] !blue!G, | A, || !blue!G, | A, || G, | A, |]
En majeur.
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano2+2CD K:Cm [V:C] "G"x | "Ab"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Ab"x || "G7"x | "Ab"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "bVI"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "bVI"x || "V7"x | "bVI"x |] [V:S] !blue!g | e || !blue!g/ !o>(!!orange!f/ | !o>)!e || !o>(!!orange!f | !o>)!e |] [V:A] !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c |] [V:T] D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C || D | !blue!C |] [V:B] !blue!G, | A, || !blue!G, | A, || G, | A, |]
En mineur.

En positions fermées, type A

Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano3+1CD K:C [V:C] "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Am"x || "G7"x | "Am"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "VI"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "VI"x || "V7"x | "VI"x |] [V:S] d | c || d | c || d | c |] [V:A] !red!!n>(!B | !n>)!!blue!A || !red!!n>(!B | !n>)!!blue!A || !red!!n>(!B | !n>)!!blue!A |] [V:T] !blue!G | E || !blue!G/ !o>(!!orange!F/ | !o>)!E || !o>(!!orange!F | !o>)!E |] [V:B] !blue!G, | !blue!A, || !blue!G, | !blue!A, || !blue!G, | !blue!A, |]
En majeur.
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano3+1CD K:Cm [V:C] "G"x | "Ab"x || "G"x/ "G7"x/ | "Ab"x || "G7"x | "Ab"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "bVI"x || "V"x/ "V7"x/ | "bVI"x || "V7"x | "bVI"x |] [V:S] d | !blue!c || d | !blue!c || d | !blue!c |] [V:A] !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c || !red!!r>(!=B | !blue!!r>)!c |] [V:T] !blue!G | E || !blue!G/ !o>(!!orange!F/ | !o>)!E || !o>(!!orange!F | !o>)!E |] [V:B] !blue!G, | A, || !blue!G, | A, || !blue!G, | A, |]
En mineur.

IV.6.3 - La forme n°2 : V-VI avec fondamentale ou quinte au soprano

En majeur, on procède normalement avec des accords n'ayant aucune note commune : la basse monte, les trois voix supérieures descendent donc. La sensible n'a pas obligation de se résoudre sur la tonique quand elle se trouve aux voix intermédaires (alto et ténor).

V-VI
en majeur
C
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano3+1CD [V:C] "G"x | "Am"x || "G"x | "Am"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "VI"x || "V"x | "VI"x |] [V:S] !blue!G | E || d | c |] [V:A] D | C || !red!!n>(!B | !n>)!!blue!A |] [V:T] !red!!n>(!B, | !n>)!!blue!A, || !blue!G | E |] [V:B] !blue!G,, | !blue!A,, || !blue!G, | !blue!A, |]

En mineur, si l'on procède avec la conduite des voix avec des accords n'ayant aucune note commune, on se retrouve avec un mouvement mélodique de seconde augmentée avec la sensible (B - Ab). On s'interdit ce mouvement qui donne un aspect oriental et non tonal.

Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano3+1CD K:Cm [V:C] "G"x | "Ab"x || "G"x | "Ab"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "bVI"x || "V"x | "bVI"x |] [V:S] !blue!G | E || d | c |] [V:A] D | C || !red!!r>(!=B | !r>)!!red!A |] [V:T] !red!!r>(!=B, | !r>)!!red!A, || !blue!G | E |] [V:B] !blue!G,, | A,, || !blue!G, | A, |]
Mouvement de seconde augmentée interdit.

Pour éviter ce mouvement de seconde augmentée en mineur, on double la tierce, la sensible se résoud alors sur la tonique :

V-bVI
en mineur
C
Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano3+1CD K:Cm [V:C] "G"x | "Ab"x || "G"x | "Ab"x |] [V:D] "V"x | "bVI"x || "V"x | "bVI"x |] [V:S] !blue!G | E || d | !blue!c |] [V:A] D | !blue!C || !red!!r>(!=B | !r>)!!blue!c |] [V:T] !red!!r>(!=B, | !r>)!!blue!C || !blue!G | E |] [V:B] !blue!G, | A, || !blue!G, | A, |]

IV.6.4 - L'emploi avec la septième de l'accord de dominante

On peut utiliser l'accord V7 dans sa forme complète :

Q:1/1=40 %%player_no_voice %%piano3+1CD [V:C] "G7"x | "Am"x || "G7"x | "Am"x || "G7"x | "Am"x |] [V:D] "V7"x | "VI"x || "V7"x | "VI"x || "V7"x | "VI"x |] [V:S] !red!!n>(!B | !n>)!!blue!c || d | c || !orange!!o>(!F | !o>)!E |] [V:A] !orange!!o>(!F | !o>)!E || !orange!!o>(!F | !o>)!E || !red!!n>(!B, | !n>)!!blue!C |] [V:T] D | !blue!C || !red!!n>(!B, | !n>)!!blue!C || D | !blue!C |] [V:B] G, | A, || G, | A, || G, | A, |]

IV.6.5 - En résumé

Pour la bonne conduite des voix en majeur :

Avec l'enchaînement V-VI, si la sensible est au soprano, on double la tierce de l'accord VI.

Pour la bonne conduite des voix en mineur :

Avec l'enchaînement V-bVI, on double toujours la tierce de l'accord bVI.